The former player: 'I hoped to continue my rugby career'
Important note: This article contains details of discriminatory comments and behaviour
FormerEngland player Luther Burrell says that speaking out to expose racism in professional rugby brought his professional journey to an premature conclusion.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell characterized racism as being "rife" in the sport, showing digital communications and remembering training ground "jokes" he had been subject to while playing for Newcastle.
At that time 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only elite playing since has been three appearances with guest team the Barbarians.
"I've have absolutely had to end my career because of what happened," he explained to media outlets.
"I hoped to continue competing, naturally I did. I pursued that, and it collapsed when news emerged that there were investigations underway.
"That was challenging - I had to just accept the outcome and understand that this entire process is a lot bigger than me."
A rugby governing body report in 2023 found Burrell's claims were true "likely correct", but stated it could not gather enough proof to definitively say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014 and 2015, but was surprisingly overlooked for their team for the 2015 tournament
Burrell revealed to media he also faced discrimination within the England set-up, during a Test career that saw him earn 15 appearances after his first game in 2014.
"I have had several traumatic experiences within the national team," he stated.
"Certain instances of discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become normalised in dressing rooms, in Burrell's view.
"This is something that has been disguised as humour and that's been the problem that I've myself suffered and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"Over a period of time you just learn to believe that it's the norm and that is acceptable and that it's not harmful, but that's incorrect."
Burrell explains he was finally motivated to go public after a team-mate at Newcastle called him as a "slave" and instructed him to put sun cream on his wrists and ankles "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's revelations had led to "increased scrutiny at the environment within the professional level and to the introduction of an action plan for the elite level."
"The organization has given significant focus on diversity and inclusion in the sport and a great deal of work completed both prior and since Luther Burrell spoke publicly and shared his experiences of racism and classism," it continued.
"The organization are continuing work with teams and stakeholders in the elite level to strive for a culture of inclusivity but recognize this takes time and is an ongoing process."
All Prem and women's rugby club now has in-person training on building inclusive cultures, with its success monitored via specific documentation and feedback.
All England athletes, including youth squads, are educated in being "active bystanders" to step in and defend others from harmful behaviour.
"You should be so pleased of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the film about his experiences.
"I know it has had this effect on you and ended your career, but in our view, you have done so well. We are so proud of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's dad Geoff died soon after the filming of the documentary, and his sibling passed away recently.
Burrell, who grew up on a council estate in Huddersfield, maintains his work to make the game more open.
His 12 Foundation works to connect with children in disadvantaged communities and support them succeed both on the field with free sports coaching, mentoring and dietary education.
"My intentions are pure, I want to see the progress of the game and if nobody else is prepared to share their story then I'll persist to fight that cause because I'm not just pursuing this for myself," he explained.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the game as excellent as it can be and the longer I speak about it perhaps the more comfortable fellow players will feel about sharing their personal stories as well.
"I need to grab the bull by the horns and continue bearing this flag and keep supporting this responsibility and accomplish what I can to create possibilities and make the sport more attractive and more welcoming.
"There are a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of economic hardship and I sincerely believe that the sport has the ability to transform their lives, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in November 2022